Self-esteem is your overall opinion of yourself and your sense of personal value. It's about how you perceive your own worth, abilities, and limitations. Healthy self-esteem is a cornerstone of mental well-being, influencing your relationships, career, and overall life satisfaction. This guide, reviewed by our Medical Advisory Board, explores the components of self-esteem and provides evidence-based strategies for cultivating a more positive and resilient self-image.
Medically Reviewed: All clinical information on this page has been reviewed for accuracy by Dr. Emily White, RD.
What is Self-Esteem?
Self-esteem is often confused with self-confidence, but they are distinct. Self-confidence relates to your belief in your ability to perform a task or achieve a goal. Self-esteem, on the other hand, is a deeper, more fundamental sense of your inherent worth as a person. It's about accepting yourself, flaws and all.
Signs of Healthy vs. Low Self-Esteem
Healthy Self-Esteem:
- Assertive in expressing needs and opinions.
- Confident in ability to make decisions.
- Able to form secure and honest relationships.
- Realistic in expectations, less self-critical.
- More resilient to stress and setbacks.
Low Self-Esteem:
- Excessive self-criticism and dissatisfaction.
- Hypersensitivity to criticism.
- Chronic indecision and an exaggerated fear of mistakes.
- Excessive need for reassurance.
- Difficulty accepting compliments.
Evidence-Based Strategies for Building Self-Esteem
Building self-esteem is a journey that requires patience and consistent effort. Here are some evidence-based strategies:
- Practice Self-Compassion: Treat yourself with the same kindness and understanding you would offer a good friend.
- Identify and Challenge Negative Self-Talk: Become aware of your inner critic and actively dispute negative thoughts.
- Set Realistic Goals and Celebrate Achievements: Break down larger goals into smaller, achievable steps and acknowledge your progress.
- Focus on Your Strengths: Identify your talents and positive qualities, and engage in activities that make you feel competent and valued.
- Engage in Positive Relationships: Surround yourself with people who uplift and support you.