Lion's Mane (Hericium erinaceus) is a medicinal mushroom that has been used for centuries in traditional East Asian medicine. In recent years, it has gained significant attention in the Western world for its potential cognitive-enhancing and neuroprotective properties. This article, reviewed by our Medical Advisory Board, will delve into the science behind Lion's Mane, its active compounds, and the evidence supporting its benefits for brain health.
Medically Reviewed: All clinical information on this page has been reviewed for accuracy by Dr. Emily White, RD.
Active Compounds: Hericenones and Erinacines
The primary bioactive compounds responsible for Lion's Mane's neurotrophic effects are hericenones and erinacines. Hericenones are found in the mushroom's fruiting body, while erinacines are primarily found in its mycelium (the root-like structure). These compounds are believed to stimulate the production of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF).
Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and Brain Health
NGF is a protein that plays a crucial role in the growth, maintenance, and survival of neurons (nerve cells) in the brain. By promoting NGF production, Lion's Mane may support:
- Cognitive Function: Improved memory, focus, and overall cognitive performance.
- Neuroprotection: Protection against neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
- Mood Regulation: Potential benefits for anxiety and depression by supporting neuronal health.
Evidence from Research
While much of the research on Lion's Mane has been conducted in animal models, human studies are emerging. Some studies suggest that Lion's Mane supplementation can improve cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression.